{"id":192,"date":"2009-08-26T17:03:50","date_gmt":"2009-08-26T18:03:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/?p=192"},"modified":"2022-01-13T17:35:53","modified_gmt":"2022-01-13T17:35:53","slug":"spor-yaralanmalarina-giris","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/de\/spor-yaralanmalarina-giris\/","title":{"rendered":"Spor Yaralanmalar\u0131na Giri\u015f"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Sportverletzungen<\/h2>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Spor yaralanmalar\u0131 terimi, v\u00fccudun tamam\u0131n\u0131n veya bir b\u00f6lgesinin, normalden fazla bir kuvvetle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 sonucunda, dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131yla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan durumlar\u0131 kapsar. Spor yaralanmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu sadece spor yapanlarda de\u011fil, spor yapmayan ki\u015filerde de ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir. Ancak mesle\u011fi spor olanlarda kas iskelet-sistemi ve kardiovask\u00fcler (kalp-damar) sistemin \u00fcst seviyede olmas\u0131 ve bu seviyenin devaml\u0131 korunmas\u0131 mecburiyeti yaralanman\u0131n h\u0131zl\u0131 ve aktif bir rehabilitasyon program\u0131 ile tedavisini mecburi k\u0131lar.<br \/>\n<!--more--><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img class=\"lazyload\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: 0pt none;\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27400%27%20height%3D%27285%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20400%20285%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27400%27%20height%3D%27285%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/icerikresimleri\/sy\/sportsinjuries.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"285\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde spor yaralanmas\u0131n\u0131n sporcuyu sadece bedensel olarak de\u011fil, ruhsal olarak da etkiledi\u011fi, bu sebeple sporcunun bir ekip taraf\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirilip rehabilite edilmesi gerekti\u011fi bilinmektedir. Bu ekipte fiziksel t\u0131p ve rehabilitasyon uzman\u0131 yada ilgili uzman\u0131n yan\u0131nda;<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Aktif ekip \u00fcyeleri:<\/strong> Tak\u0131m doktoru, sporcu, antren\u00f6r<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Yard\u0131mc\u0131 ekip \u00fcyeleri:<\/strong> Yaralanman\u0131n cinsine g\u00f6re, ortopedi ve travmatoloji uzman\u0131, acil uzman\u0131, g\u00f6z uzman\u0131, deri hastal\u0131klar\u0131 uzman\u0131, n\u00f6rolog.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0130lgili teknik personel:<\/strong> Fizyoterapist, spor terapisti, t\u0131bbi teknisyen, hem\u015fire, ortez-protez teknisyeni gibi \u00fcyeler yer al\u0131r.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sportif faaliyetler s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00e7ok de\u011fi\u015fik yaralanmalarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131labilir. Bunlar\u0131n % 75\u2019i \u00f6nemsizdir ve bir sorun olu\u015fturmadan iyile\u015fir. % 25\u2019i ise sportif faaliyete ara vermeyi gerektiren k\u0131sa veya uzun s\u00fcreli tedaviye ihtiya\u00e7 duyar. Bu travmalar s\u0131ras\u0131nda baz\u0131 fakt\u00f6rler yaralanmay\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r ve iyile\u015fme s\u00fcresini uzat\u0131r. Bunlar;<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Spor yaralanmas\u0131na sebep olan fakt\u00f6rler :<\/strong><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">1. Yorgunluk ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fcklenme,<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">2. \u00d6nceden ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f ve tam tedavi edilmemi\u015f yaralanmalar,<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">3. So\u011fuk, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 gerilme ve enfeksiyon gibi etkenlere ba\u011fl\u0131 geli\u015fen kas ve eklem sertlikleri,<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">4. Ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f yaralanma veya e\u011fitimsizlik nedeniyle olu\u015fan kas zay\u0131fl\u0131klar\u0131,<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">5. Kaslar aras\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 dengesizli\u011fi,<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">6. Spor ara\u00e7 ve gere\u00e7lerinde yetersizlik,<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">7. Bedensel haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n tam olmamas\u0131, \u0131s\u0131nma eksikli\u011fi,<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">8. Spor dal\u0131n\u0131n sporcuya uygun olmamas\u0131,<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">9. Yetersiz teknik,<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">10. Ruhsal y\u00f6nden haz\u0131r olmama,<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">11. A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 rekabet, yar\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 sporlar<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">12. Hastal\u0131klar.<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>S\u0131n\u0131flama:<\/strong><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Spor yaralanmalar\u0131 \u00e7ok kaba bir yakla\u015f\u0131mla iki gruba ayr\u0131labilir;<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">a. <strong>Akut yaralanmalar:<\/strong> Bedenin bir b\u00f6lgesinin veya t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn, aniden a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 bir kuvvetle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 sonucu olu\u015fur. Olay anidir, hafif veya \u015fiddetli olabilir. D\u00fc\u015fme, darbe, distorsiyon, kesi, zedelenme, burkulma, \u00e7\u0131k\u0131k ve k\u0131r\u0131klar bu gruba girer.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">b. <strong>A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kullan\u0131m yaralanmalar\u0131:<\/strong> S\u00fcrekli tekrarlayan hareketlere ba\u011fl\u0131 mikro travma ve zorlanma sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Tendinit, stres frakt\u00fcr\u00fc \u00f6rnekleridir. Olu\u015fumunda d\u0131\u015f etkenler yan\u0131nda baz\u0131 yap\u0131sal fakt\u00f6rlerde rol oynar.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Alt ekstremiteyi olu\u015fturan yap\u0131lar\u0131n d\u00fczg\u00fcn olmamas\u0131: D\u00fcz tabanl\u0131k, \u00e7ukur ayak, bacak kemiklerinin d\u00fczg\u00fcn olmamas\u0131,<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bacak boylar\u0131nda e\u015fitsizlik: \u0130ki bacak aras\u0131 20mm.\u2019den fazla fark olmas\u0131, omurga e\u011frili\u011fi ve k\u0131sa bacak taraf\u0131nda kal\u00e7a adduktor ve rotatorlar\u0131nda zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011fa yol a\u00e7ar,<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kas zay\u0131fl\u0131klar\u0131: Daha \u00f6nce ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f sakatl\u0131k ve cerrahi m\u00fcdahalelere ba\u011fl\u0131 eklem esnekli\u011fi, gev\u015fekli\u011fi.<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Spor yaralanmalar\u0131ndan korunma:<\/strong><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Spor yaralanmalar\u0131n\u0131 tamamen \u00f6nlemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Baz\u0131 kurallara uyulup bir tak\u0131m tedbirler al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda spor yaralanmalar\u0131n\u0131 en aza indirmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bunlar\u0131 k\u0131saca \u015f\u00f6yle \u00f6zetleyebiliriz;<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Spor yap\u0131lan yerle ilgili tedbirler: <\/strong>Spor sahalar\u0131 yeterince \u00e7imlendirilmeli, zemin d\u00fczg\u00fcn ve kuru olmal\u0131, \u00e7arpmalara kar\u015f\u0131 s\u00fctun ve direkler desteklenmeli, y\u00fczme havuzlar\u0131nda su i\u00e7i i\u015faretler net olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmelidir. Havuzun derinli\u011fi mutlaka belirtilmelidir.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Spor malzemelerinin cinsi ve kalitesi:<\/strong> Kullan\u0131lan malzeme mevsime ve sporun cinsine uygun olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Koruyucu malzemeler: <\/strong>\u00d6zellikle kafa travmalar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131k oldu\u011fu boks, bisiklet, motosiklet ve beyzbol gibi sporlarda kask, futbolcularda krampon \u00e7arpmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in \u00e7orap i\u00e7ine plastik koruyucular kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Sporcuyla ilgili tedbirler: <\/strong>Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve d\u00fczenli bir ya\u015fam, d\u00fczenli sa\u011fl\u0131k kontrolleri, antrenman ve m\u00fcsabakadan \u00f6nce yeterince \u0131s\u0131nmak, germelerin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 sporcunun yaralanma riskini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren fakt\u00f6rlerdir.<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Spor tiplerine g\u00f6re yaralanmalar:<\/strong><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Baz\u0131 tip yaralanmalar baz\u0131 spor dallar\u0131nda daha fazlad\u0131r.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>&#8211; Futbol: <\/strong>Rektus abdominis (d\u00fcz kar\u0131n kas\u0131) kas\u0131 zorlanmas\u0131, iliopsoas (kas\u0131k kas\u0131) tendiniti, kal\u00e7a adduktor (bacaklar\u0131 orta hatta tutan kaslar) zorlanmas\u0131, osteitis pubis<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>&#8211; Y\u00fczme:<\/strong> Omuz \u00e7evresi zorlanmas\u0131, s\u0131k\u0131\u015fma sendromu<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>&#8211; Halter:<\/strong> Triseps tendiniti, rektus abdominis zorlanmas\u0131 kal\u00e7a adduktor zorlanmas\u0131, bel f\u0131t\u0131klar\u0131, omurlarda erken d\u00f6nemlerde olan kire\u00e7lenmeler<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>&#8211; Tenis:<\/strong> Lateral epikondilit, bisipital tendinit, omuz ve dirsek zorlanmalar\u0131<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>&#8211; Basketbol:<\/strong> A\u015fil tendiniti, tibialis anterior ve posterior zorlanmas\u0131<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>&#8211; Voleybol:<\/strong> A\u015fil tendiniti, omuz sublukasyonu, bisipital tendinit.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; Ayr\u0131ca; futbolcularda diz ekleminde, haltercilerde dirsek, faset ve sakroiliak eklemlerde, jimnastik\u00e7ilerde el bile\u011fi, dirsek, faset ve kal\u00e7a eklemlerinde, ko\u015fucularda diz ve ayak bile\u011fi eklemlerinde erken dejeneratif de\u011fi\u015fiklikler (yozla\u015fmalar) meydana gelme riski y\u00fcksektir.<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Yaralanmalar<\/strong><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">B\u00fcy\u00fck oranda kas iskelet sistemiyle ilgilidir. Kaslar, kemikler, eklemler, ligamentler (ba\u011flar) ve tendonlar (kiri\u015fler) yaralanabilir. Bu yaralanmalar ve al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken tedbirler k\u0131saca \u015fu \u015fekilde \u00f6zetlenebilir.<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Kas Yaralanmalar\u0131 <\/strong><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">T\u00fcm spor yaralanmalar\u0131n\u0131n % 4\u201315\u2019ini olu\u015fturur. Basit burkulma ve gerilmeler hesaba kat\u0131l\u0131rsa % 30\u2019a \u00e7\u0131kar. Kaslar\u0131n daha \u00f6nce ba\u015fka fakt\u00f6rlerle zay\u0131flam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 travmay\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Kas\u2013tendon kompleksinin aniden a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fckle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131, de\u011fi\u015fik derecelerde kas hasar\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar,<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>a-Birinci derece kas hasar\u0131:<\/strong> Y\u0131rt\u0131lma yok, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 zorlanmaya ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00f6dem vard\u0131r. Kas\u0131n pasif gerilmesi a\u011fr\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>b-\u0130kinci derece hasar\u0131: <\/strong>Kas liflerinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n kopmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen tam kesi yoktur. Hareketi yapmaya devam eder ancak hareketler \u00e7ok a\u011fr\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Kasta \u015fi\u015flik ve spazmla birlikte yaralanma yerinde ekimoz (morarma)<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>c-\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc derece hasar:<\/strong> Kas tamamen y\u0131rt\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yaralanma yerindeki \u015fiddetli a\u011fr\u0131 zaman i\u00e7inde azal\u0131r. Komple hareket kayb\u0131 vard\u0131r. Y\u0131rt\u0131lan kas kitlesinin toplanmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 \u015fi\u015flik ve \u00f6n\u00fcnde \u00e7ukurluk vard\u0131r. Renk de\u011fi\u015fimi ve \u015fiddetli spazm saptan\u0131r.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hasar derecesi, ultrasonografi, bilgisayarl\u0131 tomografi, MR, ve CPK, LDH enzimlerinin de\u011ferlendirilmesi ile saptan\u0131r. Hangi derecede olursa olsun akut d\u00f6nemde yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken <strong>istirahat\u2013buz\u2013bandaj ve y\u00fckseltmedir<\/strong> (rest, ice, compretion, elavation,<strong> RICE<\/strong> protokol\u00fc). Buz iki saatte bir 20 \u2013 30 dakika uygulan\u0131r. Hareket \u00e7ok a\u011fr\u0131l\u0131ysa ekstremite atele al\u0131n\u0131r, esneklik ve eklem hareket a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 egzersizlerine ba\u015flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kas kitlesinin % 50\u2019den fazla y\u0131rt\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 2o ve 3o hasarlarda cerrahi onar\u0131m gerekir. Cerrahi m\u00fcdahalenin yeri, b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve tipine g\u00f6re m\u00fcdahale sonras\u0131 uygun egzersiz programlar\u0131na en k\u0131s zamanda ba\u015flan\u0131r.<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Ba\u011f yaralanmalar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Genellikle \u015fiddetli darbeler veya a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 gerilmeler sonucu olu\u015fur. Kas yaralanmalar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi. Liflerde y\u0131rt\u0131k olmamas\u0131 (sadece a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 gerilimin olmas\u0131) k\u0131smi y\u0131rt\u0131k ve tam y\u0131rt\u0131k olmas\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00fc\u00e7 derecede s\u0131n\u0131flan\u0131r. Akut d\u00f6nemde lezyon b\u00f6lgesinde \u015fi\u015flik, ekimoz, hassasiyet ve ilgili eklemlerde stabilite bozuklu\u011fu saplanabilir. A\u011fr\u0131 ve stabilite bozuklu\u011fu hareket bozuklu\u011funa yol a\u00e7arak hastan\u0131n yard\u0131mc\u0131 bir cihaz kullanmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirebilir. \u00d6zellikle diz ve ayak bile\u011finde s\u0131k olarak rastlan\u0131r. Dizde \u00e7apraz ba\u011flar\u0131n, \u00f6zellikle \u00f6n \u00e7apraz ba\u011f\u0131n ayr\u0131 bir \u00f6nemi vard\u0131r.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00d6n \u00e7apraz ba\u011f yararlanmalar\u0131, sporcular\u0131n uzun s\u00fcre spordan uzak kalmas\u0131na sebep olan \u00f6nemli yararlanmalardand\u0131r. \u00c7apraz ba\u011f yararlanmalar\u0131 muayene ve MR ile te\u015fhis edilir.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bir di\u011fer s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen ba\u011f yararlanmalar\u0131 ayak bile\u011fi ba\u011f\u0131ndaki yararlanmalard\u0131r. Ayak bile\u011finin i\u00e7 yan\u0131, talovanik\u00fcler, \u00f6n talotibial, kalkanetotibial ve arka talotibial bantlardan olu\u015fan kuvvetli deltoid ba\u011fla g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmi\u015ftir. Bu sebeple ayak bile\u011fi yararlanmalar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu daha zay\u0131f olan d\u0131\u015f kollateral ba\u011f\u0131n hasar\u0131 \u015feklindedir. Ayak bile\u011finin ani i\u00e7e d\u00f6nmesi anterior talofibular ve kalkaneofibular ba\u011f yararlanmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ba\u011f yararlanmalar\u0131n\u0131n temel prensipleri de kas yararlanmas\u0131n\u0131n tedavi prensipleri gibidir. Erken d\u00f6nemde ba\u015flanan istirahat-buz-kompresyon ve elevasyon tedavisi, 2\u20133 g\u00fcn sonra yerini s\u0131cak su tedavisine b\u0131rak\u0131r, 7\u201310 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde ise al\u00e7\u0131 veya plasterden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f tespit \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131l\u0131r. A\u011fr\u0131 ve enflamasyonla m\u00fccadele etmek i\u00e7in fizik tedavi ara\u00e7lar\u0131ndan yararlan\u0131labilir. \u015ei\u015flik ve hassasiyet ge\u00e7tikten sonra ise, en k\u0131sa zamanda rehabilitasyon program\u0131na al\u0131nmal\u0131 ve aktif spor hayat\u0131na m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca erken d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f sa\u011flanmaktad\u0131r.<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Tendon (kiri\u015f) yararlanmalar\u0131 <\/strong><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Genelde a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kullan\u0131m sonras\u0131 olur. Lokal kas zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u015fok emme etkisinin azalmas\u0131 tendonlar\u0131 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fckleyerek asl\u0131nda elastik bir yap\u0131ya sahip tendonlar\u0131n bu \u00f6zelliklerini yitirerek, \u00e7evreye s\u00fcrt\u00fcnmeleri ve yang\u0131 geli\u015fimine yol a\u00e7ar. Enflamasyonun yay\u0131lmas\u0131 sinovial k\u0131l\u0131f i\u00e7inde yap\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131n olu\u015fumuna sebep olarak peritendinit (tendon \u00e7evresi yang\u0131s\u0131) veya tenosinovit denilen tablonun olu\u015fumuna yol a\u00e7ar. Bu olay en s\u0131k, A\u015fil tendonu, omuzda rotator man\u015fon, dirsek ekstans\u00f6r tendonu, abduktor pollisis longus ve ekstans\u00f6r pollisis brevis tendonlar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">A\u015fil tendon yaralanmalar\u0131 en s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclenidir. Sporcu ko\u015farken aniden durur. Lokal a\u011fr\u0131 yan\u0131nda kopma yerinin \u00fcst taraf\u0131nda bir bo\u015fluk saptan\u0131r. Parmak ucunda y\u00fcr\u00fcmek g\u00fc\u00e7le\u015fir. Bald\u0131r kaslar\u0131 elle s\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda normalde ayakta plantar fleksiyon g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr, ancak A\u015fil kopmu\u015fsa bu hareket saptanamaz.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kesin te\u015fhis ultrasonografi ve MRI ile konulur. Tedavi kas ve ligaman yararlanmas\u0131 prensipleri ile ayn\u0131d\u0131r.<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Men\u00fcsk\u00fcs yararlanmalar\u0131 <\/strong><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Men\u00fcsk\u00fcsler, b\u00fck\u00fclme ve do\u011frulma (fleksiyon-ekstansiyon) hareketi s\u0131ras\u0131nda femurun tibia \u00fczerinde i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f rotasyon hareketine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur ve eklem stabilitesinin artmas\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunur. Fleksiyon s\u0131ras\u0131nda men\u00fcsk\u00fcslerin arka yar\u0131s\u0131 tibial ve femoral kondiller aras\u0131na s\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve bu s\u0131rada ani rotasyonla beraber ekstansiyon yap\u0131l\u0131rsa men\u00fcsk\u00fcs hasar\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. \u015ei\u015flik 24 saatte tam olarak yerle\u015fir, baz\u0131 olgularda kilitlenme veya bo\u015falma olabilir. Genellikle ekstansiyon (do\u011frultma) hareketinin son 10o si yap\u0131lamaz. Tan\u0131y\u0131 destekleyen g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme y\u00f6ntemleri ise, kontrastl\u0131 artrografi, artroskopi ve MRI olarak \u00f6zetlenebilir.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tedavi akut d\u00f6nemde <strong>i<\/strong>stirahat, <strong>b<\/strong>uz, <strong>k<\/strong>ompresyon (bandaj), <strong>y<\/strong>\u00fckseltme<strong> (\u0130BKE)<\/strong> uygulan\u0131r. Hasta ekstremite \u00fczerine basmaya izin verilmez ancak erken d\u00f6nemde izometrik egzersizler ve d\u00fcz bacak kald\u0131rma egzersizlerine ba\u015flan\u0131r. Hastan\u0131n durumuna g\u00f6re cerrahi uygulan\u0131r, en s\u0131k uygulanan cerrahi menisektomidir. Bu operasyondan sonra geli\u015fen ba\u011f dokusundan zengin tamir dokusu, \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan men\u00fcsk\u00fcs par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n kayb\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131smen yerine ge\u00e7er. Cerrahi m\u00fcdahalelerden sonra 2. g\u00fcnden itibaren egzersizlere ba\u015flan\u0131r, \u00f6zellikle aya\u011f\u0131n devaml\u0131 yerle temas etti\u011fi \u201ckapal\u0131 kinetik zincir egzersizleri\u201d uygulan\u0131r.<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>K\u0131r\u0131k ve \u00e7\u0131k\u0131klar <\/strong><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">K\u0131r\u0131klar a\u00e7\u0131k veya kapal\u0131 tipte olabilir. K\u0131r\u0131k olan b\u00f6lgede a\u011fr\u0131, \u015fi\u015flik, \u015fekil bozuklu\u011fu ve anormal hareket vard\u0131r. Radyolojik de\u011ferlendirme il te\u015fhis konulur. Erken d\u00f6nemde stabilizasyon, daha sonra k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n tipine g\u00f6re al\u00e7\u0131lama veya cerrahi m\u00fcdahale uygulan\u0131r.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00c7\u0131k\u0131klarda ise eklemin b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bozulmu\u015ftur. En s\u0131k, omuz, dirsek, kal\u00e7a ve ayak bile\u011finde g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Akut d\u00f6nemde immobilizasyon, radyolojik de\u011ferlendirme sonucunda, red\u00fcksiyon ve bandajlama uygulan\u0131r.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">K\u0131saca \u00f6zetlenmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan spor yaralanmalar\u0131nda ayr\u0131ca, kafa travmalar\u0131nda ani \u00f6l\u00fcmlere kadara \u00e7ok daha a\u011f\u0131r tablolar olabilir. Ancak bunlar seyrek g\u00f6r\u00fclen yaralanmalard\u0131r. Yo\u011fun olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclen, sporcunun spor hayat\u0131n\u0131 etkileyen kas-iskelet sistemi problemlerinde ise, m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca yaralanmay\u0131 \u00f6nlemek, herhangi bir yaralanma oldu\u011funda ise h\u0131zla yo\u011fun bir tedavi ve rehabilitasyon program\u0131 uygulayarak sporcuyu m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan en k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede en sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak spor hayat\u0131na d\u00f6nd\u00fcrmektir. Unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r ki yetersiz tedavi ve erken spora d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f bir sonraki travmay\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131ran en \u00f6nemli sebeptir.<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Spor Yaralanmalar\u0131 Spor yaralanmalar\u0131 terimi, v\u00fccudun tamam\u0131n\u0131n veya bir b\u00f6lgesinin, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[806],"tags":[807,808,9,12,809,121,15,810],"class_list":["post-192","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-spor-yaralanmalari","tag-kas-yirtilmasi","tag-lif-atmasi","tag-meniskus","tag-meniskus-tedavisi","tag-menuskus","tag-spor","tag-spor-yaralanmalari","tag-tendon"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/192","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=192"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/192\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10683,"href":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/192\/revisions\/10683"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=192"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=192"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=192"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}