{"id":274,"date":"2009-08-26T09:25:31","date_gmt":"2009-08-26T10:25:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/?p=274"},"modified":"2022-01-18T10:37:19","modified_gmt":"2022-01-18T10:37:19","slug":"temel-ergonomi-prensipleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/ar\/temel-ergonomi-prensipleri\/","title":{"rendered":"Temel Ergonomi Prensipleri"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Temel Ergonomi Prensipleri<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0130\u015fyeri \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131m ad\u0131m izlenerek ergonomik prensiplerin uygulanmas\u0131 ve problemlerin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesi gereklidir. Bazen i\u015fyeri s\u00fcrecinde, i\u015fyeri ortam\u0131nda, kullan\u0131lan el aletlerinde yap\u0131lacak k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fiklikler \u00fcretim, sa\u011fl\u0131k ve g\u00fcvenlik alanlar\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fikliklere neden olabilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da verilen iyile\u015ftirme de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri gibi:<!--more--><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">* Ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 i\u015flerin oldu\u011fu yak\u0131n kontrol\u00fcn yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda tezgah a\u011f\u0131r i\u015flere g\u00f6re daha a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\n* Montaj i\u015flerinde gelen par\u00e7alar i\u015fe uygun bir pozisyonda olmal\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan kas g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fi i\u00e7in harcamal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\n* El aletleri sakatlanmaya ve kazaya neden oluyor ise de\u011fi\u015ftirilmeli veya d\u00fczeltilmelidir. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar bu alanda \u00e7ok g\u00fczel fikirlere sahip olabilirler.<br \/>\n* \u0130\u015f\u00e7inin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015f uzun s\u00fcreyle ters harekete, uzanmaya, d\u00f6nmeye neden olmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\n* \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar uygun kald\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemleri konusunda e\u011fitilmelidir. \u0130\u015f dizayn\u0131 kald\u0131rma ve ta\u015f\u0131malar\u0131 en aza indirecek \u015fekilde planlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\n* Oturarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma en aza indirilmelidir, b\u00f6ylece ayakta \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma oturarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6re daha az yorgunluk getirir.<br \/>\n* \u0130\u015f de\u011ferlendirilmesi ile tekrarlanan i\u015fleri yapan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar di\u011ferleri ile rotasyona girmeli ve b\u00f6ylece \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n ayn\u0131 kaslar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ve s\u0131k\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k \u00f6nlenmi\u015f olur.<br \/>\n* \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar ve kulland\u0131klar\u0131 makinalar iyi yerle\u015ftirilerek gereksiz performans kay\u0131plar\u0131 ve v\u00fccut zorlamalar\u0131 \u00f6nlenmi\u015f olur.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>A. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma alan\u0131:<\/strong><br \/>\n\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma alan\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlarin i\u015fini yapt\u0131klar\u0131 alan veya b\u00f6lgedir. Bu alanda makinalar, kontrollar, masa ve sandalye veya bilgisayar bulunabilir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0130yi planlanm\u0131\u015f \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma alan\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fc ko\u015fular\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu hastal\u0131k ve incinmeleri engeller. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma alan\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ile birlikte i\u015fin gerektirdi\u011fi \u015fartlara g\u00f6re etkin bir \u015fekilde dizayn edilmelidir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0130yi planlanm\u0131\u015f bir alanda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n v\u00fccudu konforlu ve uygun bir \u015fekilde pozisyon alacakt\u0131r. Aksi durumda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lacak problemler \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">* S\u0131rt a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 ve incinmeleri,<br \/>\n* RSI geli\u015fmesi (boyun, omuz, kol el a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131)<br \/>\n* Ayaklarda dola\u015f\u0131m bozukluklar\u0131; varis, kramp, iskemi<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Olu\u015fan problemlerin sebepleri \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">* K\u00f6t\u00fc dizayn edilmi\u015f sandalye,<br \/>\n* Uzun s\u00fcre ayakta durma,<br \/>\n* Uzak b\u00f6l\u00fcmlere uzanma,<br \/>\n* Yetersiz ayd\u0131nlatma nedeniyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n i\u015fine yak\u0131n durmas\u0131.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da i\u015fyeri d\u00fczenlenmesine ili\u015fkin baz\u0131 ergonomik prensipler verilmektedir. Bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131 d\u00fczenlenirken v\u00fccut \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerinin bilinmesi \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Ba\u015f y\u00fcksekli\u011fi:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">* En uzun boylu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in gerekli alan haz\u0131rlanmal\u0131d\u0131r<br \/>\n* Ekran ve kontrol panelleri g\u00f6z seviyesinin alt\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilmelidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya do\u011fru daha rahat bakabilirler.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Omuz y\u00fcksekli\u011fi:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">* Kontrol panelleri insan\u0131n beli ile omuz aras\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilmelidir.<br \/>\n* S\u0131k kullan\u0131lan cisimlerin ve malzemelerin omuz seviyesinin \u00fcst\u00fcde olmamas\u0131na dikkat edilmelidir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Kol uzanma mesafesi:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">* Malzemeler en k\u0131sa kolun yeti\u015febilece\u011fi uzakl\u0131kta olmal\u0131 ve malzemelere uzan\u0131rken e\u011filme veya b\u00fck\u00fclme yap\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\n* Uzun boylular malzemelere ula\u015f\u0131rken a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya do\u011fru e\u011filmemelidir.<br \/>\n* Malzemeler v\u00fccudun \u00f6n k\u0131sm\u0131na yak\u0131n olmal\u0131d\u0131r, geriye d\u00f6nme bel ve \u00fcst ekstremiteyi zorlar<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Dirsek y\u00fcksekli\u011fi:<\/strong><br \/>\no \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fczeyi y\u00fcksekli\u011fi yap\u0131lan i\u015fin niteli\u011fine g\u00f6re ayarlanarak masan\u0131n alt\u0131nda veya \u00fcst\u00fcnde olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\nEl y\u00fcksekli\u011fi:<br \/>\no Kald\u0131r\u0131lan malzemelerin el ve omuz y\u00fcksekli\u011fi aras\u0131nda oldu\u011funa dikkat edilmelidir.<br \/>\nAyak uzunlu\u011fu:<br \/>\no Sandalye y\u00fcksekli\u011fi ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fczeyi y\u00fcksekli\u011fi (masa veya tezgah) bacak uzunlu\u011funa g\u00f6re ayarlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\no \u00d6zellikle uzun ayakl\u0131lar i\u00e7in rahat hareket edebilece\u011fi ve uzanaca\u011f\u0131 yeterli alan b\u0131rak\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\no Ayarlanabilir ayak koyma (istirahat) sayesinde ayaklar sarkmaktan kurtulacak ve v\u00fccudun pozisyonu kolay de\u011fi\u015febilecektir.<br \/>\n<strong>El b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc:<\/strong><br \/>\no Kullan\u0131lan ara\u00e7 gere\u00e7ler ele tam olarak oturmal\u0131d\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fck eller i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck eller i\u00e7in k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck malzemeler se\u00e7ilmelidir.<br \/>\no B\u00fcy\u00fck eller i\u00e7in yeterli hareket alan\u0131 sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\n<strong>V\u00fccut \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcleri:<\/strong><br \/>\no Geni\u015f v\u00fccutlu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma alan\u0131 yeterli b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckte olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\nErgonomik i\u015fyeri d\u00fczeni i\u00e7in baz\u0131 \u00f6neriler:<br \/>\no Her i\u015f yerinde sa\u011f ve sol el kullan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in ara\u00e7 gere\u00e7 olmal\u0131d\u0131r,<br \/>\no Ayakta \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan her \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma alan\u0131na sandalye verilmelidir. Periyodik dinlenme ve v\u00fccut \u015feklinin de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi uzun s\u00fcre ayakta durma problemlerini azalt\u0131r.<br \/>\no G\u00f6lge ve yans\u0131malar azalt\u0131lmal\u0131 ve i\u015fyeri iyi ayd\u0131nlat\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Temel Ergonomi Prensipleri \u0130\u015fyeri \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131m ad\u0131m izlenerek ergonomik prensiplerin [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[81],"tags":[82,83,92,89,86],"class_list":["post-274","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ergonomi","tag-ergonomi","tag-ergonomi-nedir","tag-ergonomi-prensipleri","tag-is-kazalari","tag-meslek-hastaliklari"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/274","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=274"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/274\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10838,"href":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/274\/revisions\/10838"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=274"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=274"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=274"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}