{"id":226,"date":"2009-08-26T23:54:17","date_gmt":"2009-08-27T00:54:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/?p=226"},"modified":"2021-03-20T08:58:04","modified_gmt":"2021-03-20T08:58:04","slug":"diz-kireclenmesi-gonartroz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/ar\/diz-kireclenmesi-gonartroz\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 (\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 (\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629)<\/h1>\n<p>Osteoartrit (kire\u00e7lenme) a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k ta\u015f\u0131yan eklemlerin ya\u015flanmaya ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak yozla\u015fmas\u0131d\u0131r. Kire\u00e7lenme k\u0131k\u0131rdaktan ba\u015flar, k\u0131k\u0131rdak alt\u0131ndaki kemi\u011fi, eklem kaps\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc ve eklem \u00e7evresindeki ba\u011flar\u0131 etkiler. Hatta a\u011fr\u0131dan dolay\u0131 kullan\u0131lamayan kaslarda incelmeler ve sertle\u015fmeler olur.<\/p>\n<p>Diz v\u00fccudun en fazla a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k ta\u015f\u0131yan ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kire\u00e7lenmeden en fazla etkilenen eklemlerinden biridir. Diz ekleminde \u00fc\u00e7 adet kemi\u011fin eklem y\u00fczeyi vard\u0131r. Femur (bald\u0131r kemi\u011fi), tibia (kaval kemi\u011fi) ve patella (diz kapa\u011f\u0131 kemi\u011fi). Tibia femurla, femur patella ile eklem yapar. Tibia ve femur aras\u0131nda i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f eklemler vard\u0131r. Kire\u00e7lenme daha \u00e7ok i\u00e7 femorotibial eklemlerden ba\u015flar ve di\u011fer eklemleri etkiler. Ancak genellikle dizdeki \u00fc\u00e7 eklem birlikte etkilenir. Diz eklemlerinin i\u00e7inde iki adet ba\u011f vard\u0131r (\u00f6n ve arka \u00e7apraz ba\u011flar). Ayr\u0131ca eklemin i\u00e7 yan\u0131nda ve d\u0131\u015f yan\u0131nda kuvvetli ba\u011flar vard\u0131r. Eklem y\u00fczlerinin uyumunu sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in iki adet menisk\u00fcs vard\u0131r. Diz hareketlerini ba\u015fl\u0131ca iki kas grubu sa\u011flar, dizi do\u011frultan ekstans\u00f6r kaslar (quadriseps) ve b\u00fcken fleks\u00f6r kaslar (harmstringler).<\/p>\n<h3>Gonartroz (diz kire\u00e7lenmesi) kimlerde g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr?<\/h3>\n<p>Gonartroz orta ve ileri ya\u015flarda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. 50 ya\u015f\u0131n \u00fczerinde kad\u0131nlarda daha s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Hastal\u0131k daha erken ya\u015flarda da g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. Hastalar genellikle kiloludurlar. Daha \u00f6nce ge\u00e7irilen eklem operasyonlar\u0131, travmalar, spor yaralanmalar\u0131, iltihapl\u0131 romatizmalar, do\u011fu\u015ftan gelen baz\u0131 bozukluklar en \u00f6nemli sebepleridir.<\/p>\n<h3>Gonartozlu bir dizde neler olur?<\/h3>\n<p>Gonartrozda en erken de\u011fi\u015fiklik eklem k\u0131k\u0131rda\u011f\u0131nda olur. K\u0131k\u0131rdakta incelme sonucu eklem aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 daral\u0131r. K\u0131k\u0131rdak alt\u0131ndaki kemiklerde de incelmeler ve y\u0131pranmalar olur. Ayr\u0131ca eklem kenarlar\u0131nda kemiksi \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar (osteofit) olu\u015fur. Eklem kal\u0131nla\u015fm\u0131\u015f olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Eklem \u00e7evresi kaslar\u0131nda a\u011fr\u0131 sebebiyle kullan\u0131lmamaya ba\u011fl\u0131 atrofiler (incelmeler) olur. Ayr\u0131ca eklemin i\u00e7 yan\u0131nda pannik\u00fclit ad\u0131 verilen ya\u011f lob\u00fclleri vard\u0131r. Bunlar \u00e7o\u011fu zaman a\u011fr\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca zaman zaman eklemlerde iltihaplanma olabilir (s\u0131v\u0131 toplanmas\u0131).<\/p>\n<h3>Hastan\u0131n \u015fikayetleri nelerdir?<\/h3>\n<p>Eklemlerde a\u011fr\u0131 ve tutukluk hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ilk belirtisidir. Hastal\u0131k bazen hi\u00e7bir belirti vermeden ilerleyebilir. Bazen de hastal\u0131k belirtileri oldu\u011fu halde r\u00f6ntgen filmleri normal olabilir. Hastal\u0131k ilerledik\u00e7e eklem hareketleri k\u0131s\u0131tlan\u0131r y\u00fcr\u00fcmek ve merdiven inmek-\u00e7\u0131kmak zorla\u015f\u0131r. Bazen topallama olabilir. Eklemin d\u00fczeni bozulur, bacaklarda e\u011filmeler olabilir. Eklem i\u00e7inde, dizin arkas\u0131nda ve eklemin \u00f6n taraf\u0131nda bursalarda iltihapl\u0131 \u015fi\u015fkinlikler olabilir. \u0130lerlemi\u015f ve rehabilite edilmemi\u015f dizlerde dizi do\u011frultmak, ya da b\u00fckmek zor ve a\u011fr\u0131l\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n<h3>Muayenede neler bulunur?<\/h3>\n<p>Eklemde s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme sesi, \u015fi\u015flik, kaslarda erime, pannik\u00fclit, eklem hareket kayb\u0131, en s\u0131k rastlanan muayene bulgular\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca de\u011fi\u015fik derecelerde deformiteler olabilir.<\/p>\n<h3>Nas\u0131l te\u015fhis edilir?<\/h3>\n<p>Hastan\u0131n ifadesi, muayene ve r\u00f6ntgen filmleri genellikle yeterlidir. Ba\u011flar ve menisk\u00fcslerin durumunu de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in MR gerekebilir.<\/p>\n<h3>Tedavide neler yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r?<\/h3>\n<p>Hekimin g\u00f6revi hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ilerlemesini yava\u015flatmak, a\u011fr\u0131y\u0131 dindirmek ve hastay\u0131 fonksiyonel halde tutmakt\u0131r. A\u011fr\u0131 kesiciler, kas gev\u015feticiler kullan\u0131labilir. Topikal ila\u00e7lar diz kire\u00e7lenmesinde faydal\u0131d\u0131r. Kire\u00e7lenmenin fazla ilerlemedi\u011fi ve k\u0131k\u0131rda\u011f\u0131n k\u0131smen korundu\u011fu hastalarda k\u0131k\u0131rdak besleyici eklem i\u00e7i enjeksiyonlar yap\u0131labilir (viskos\u00fcplemantasyon). Deformiteleri (\u015fekil bozukluklar\u0131) gidermek i\u00e7in diz korseleri kullan\u0131labilir. Artroza ba\u011fl\u0131 olu\u015fan \u015fi\u015fkinliklerde (sinovit) bu s\u0131v\u0131 bo\u015falt\u0131l\u0131r ve so\u011fuk (buz) uygulamas\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Eklem i\u00e7i kortizon enjeksiyonu gerekebilir. Tedavide \u00f6nemli unsurlardan biri de diz koruma prensiplerinin uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00fcnde en az iki defa 10\u2032ar dakika hekim ve fizyoterapist kontrol\u00fcnde yap\u0131lan egzersizlerdir. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu tedavi metotlar\u0131na ra\u011fmen hastan\u0131n \u015fik\u00e2yetleri devam ediyorsa cerrahi tedavi metodlar\u0131 uygulan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3>Diz koruma prensipleri<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Hareket ediniz<\/li>\n<li>Fazla kilolar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 veriniz.<\/li>\n<li>\u00c7\u00f6melirken ve do\u011frulurken, bir yere otururken ve kalkarken kollar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131<\/li>\n<li>kullan\u0131n dizlerinizi fazla k\u0131rmamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li>A\u011f\u0131r y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131may\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li>Uzun s\u00fcre y\u00fcr\u00fcmek ve ayakta durmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li>Yumu\u015fak tabanl\u0131 ve d\u00fcz topuklu ayakkab\u0131 giyin.<\/li>\n<li>Bacak kaslar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 d\u00fczenli olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li>Diz egzersizlerini mutlaka yap\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li>Dizlerinizi sert zeminler \u00fczerine koymay\u0131n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UC-EH3FtNo45g8-ja6zGzfTA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload wp-image-2466 size-full alignleft\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27300%27%20height%3D%27150%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20300%20150%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27300%27%20height%3D%27150%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/04\/abone-olun.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\" \/><\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/turanuslu.net\/ar\/randevu\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload alignleft wp-image-2465 size-full\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27300%27%20height%3D%27150%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20300%20150%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27300%27%20height%3D%27150%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/04\/randevu-alin.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\" \/><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Diz Kire\u00e7lenmesi (Gonartroz) Osteoartrit (kire\u00e7lenme) a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k ta\u015f\u0131yan eklemlerin ya\u015flanmaya ba\u011fl\u0131 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2387,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[4,26,27,420,859,860,425,427,861],"class_list":["post-226","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-diz-agrilari","tag-diz-agrilari","tag-diz-agrisi","tag-diz-egzersizleri","tag-diz-kireclenmesi","tag-diz-kireclenmesi-tedavisi","tag-gonartroz","tag-kireclenme","tag-kireclenme-tedavisi","tag-osteoartriz"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/08\/diz-kireclenmesi.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/226","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=226"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/226\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10087,"href":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/226\/revisions\/10087"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2387"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=226"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=226"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turanuslu.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=226"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}